The code voor the noindex filter is old (2017) and doesn’t really work. The noindex is only added when the top filter (popularity/newest/price) is set, but not when the left side taxonomy filter is used.
Looking at trying canonical URLs, Woocommerce nor Yoast offer any solution to declare those sufficiently. Google, however, indexes all generated URLs with filters all the same.
On different forums it is suggested that the theme developer may be able to suggest some code to replace or implement canonical URLs such as the parent category page. When that happens, those filter URLs should drop off in Google in favour of of the main category page, thus preventing indexing duplicate content…
Is that something worth trying?