Hello,
Filters are for the product attributes that you created via Products > Attributes, it does not work for custom attributes that you created for the products in the mentioned category http://prntscr.com/rla7ej also it won’t work if you did not apply any created attribute for your product. So add the necessary attributes to your products and uncheck Visible on the product page if you don’t want to have the Additional information tab https://gyazo.com/6d1621009553fea2ad205a3d7b275b57
Regards