Hello,
1. If you want to can do the full copy of the site and translate it after that and use the same license for both sites. But why do you need to do this if you can just use WPML plugin that allows you to have different URL for another language or place site in virtual subfolder without new copy of the site http://prntscr.com/i76tws ?
2. If so, a), b) we don’t have experience with that. Our users used either WPML or, qTranslate, Polylang plugins that allow translating content to different languages using 1 copy of WP installation. If you use WPML plugin, for example, and WPML WooCommerce then you’ll be able to translate products from one language to another. Untranslated products won’t appear on another language.
3. WooComerce does not have such option by default. But there are plugins for the wholesales that allow you to do this.
4. It depends on how you translate your products.
5. Follow plugin documentation https://wpml.org/documentation/ and contact WPML support if you have any questions about plugin options or need help with them.
WPML is a good plugin for translation, many of our users use it.
Thank you